Argoed, Gwrhay, Cwrt-y-bella and Penderi

Woodfield Colliery - ST 1818 9287
Pen-rhiw Colliery - ST 1827 9865

Woodfield and Pen-rhiw Collieries were jointly operated from before 1841, possibly being opened in 1815. It was owned at various times by 'Penrhiw', 'Penrhiw & Woodfield' and 'Woodfield' Colliery Cos, finally 'Penmaen Colliery Ltd'. They were abandoned in 1924.

Woodfield and Pen-rhiw Collieries, 1899

Woodfield Colliery, c1899

Woodfield Colliery, c1908

Argoed Village

LNWR bridge abutments, Argoed	Site of LNWR Station, Argoed	Platelayers hut, Argoed	Platelayers hut, Argoed
LNWR / LMS Milepost, Argoed	LNWR / LMS Milepost, Argoed		Sirhowy Tramroad in the High Street

Gwrhay Colliery - ST 1835 9945

The area around Gwrhay Colliery is a very old coal-mining district, being advertised as such in 1813. Gwrhay Colliery was at work by 1832 when it was up for auction and seems to have carried on until 1918. The Pen Fan Colliery advertised in 1813 is obscure but may be higher up than Gwrhay or above Manmoel Colliery. Two loading banks remain on Hall's Road, but I need to explore the area further.

Woodfield Colliery, Penmaen, Pontllanfraith, 1908. Evan & Lewis Lewis opened this colliery in 1815. Around 1903/4 Penrhiw & Woodfield took ownership and worked the Mynyddislwyn seam. By 1908 it was owned by Woodfield Collieries Ltd with a workforce of 101 people. Later it was taken over by Penmaen Colliery Ltd and worked with 21 men. It closed around 1930.

Gwrhay Colliery auction notice	Pen Fan Colliery auction notice
Gwrhay Colliery loading bank	Gwrhay Colliery loading bank	Culvert under Halls Road

Cwrt-y-bella level crossing - ST 1824 9955

Look out for the embedded rail on the NW side.

Cwrt-y-bella level crossing

Level crossing embedded rail

Cwrt-y-Bella Church Gravestone

Cwrt-y-Bella Church Gravestone

Cwrt-y-bella Colliery - ST 1849 9982

Tips and the adit are to be found if you explore, also a concrete foundation block at ST 1838 9994 in the field to the West, perhaps belonging to an earlier route of the electricity pylons.

Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery, 1843	Courty Bella Colliery notice	Cwrt-y-Bella tramroad sleeper
Cwrt-y-Bella tramroad tie-bar	Cwrt-y-Bella tramroad tie-bar	Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery tips	Pylon foundation block
Colliery approach	Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery collapse	Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery	Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery
Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery	Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery	Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery	Cwrt-y-Bella Colliery
Cwrt-y-bella Colliery	Cwrt-y-bella Colliery

Cwm Corrwg bridge - ST 1804 9992

on Halls Road, built for two tracks but only ever had one leads to .....

Cwm Corrwg bridge on Halls Road

Cwm Corrwg bridge on Halls Road

Cwm Corrwg bridge on Halls Road

Cwm Corrwg bridge on Halls Road

Penderi Colliery (1843) - SO 1820 0005
Old Farmers level - SO 1819 0017

The loading bank of Penderi Colliery at ST 1806 9991 was later a row of cottages. The incline ran up from ST 1809 9995 but is very overgrown. Old Farmers level was open from 1814-1843 under Penderi Farm by the farmer, Llewellyn Llewellyn.

Penderi (1843) Colliery, 1875	Penderi Area	Penderi (1843) Colliery, c1880	Penderi (1843) Colliery
Penderi (1843) Colliery incline	Penderi Old Farmers level	Penderi Old Farmers level	Penderi Old Farmers level

Twyn Simon Colliery (1920) - SO 1810 0037

Twyn Simon Colliery was owned by the Bowditch brothers and was open from 1921 to 1930. A tramway ran down to 'Bowditch's sidings' on Hall's Road, the siding agreement was dated from 1922 to 1931. A second entrance was close to or re-used the first Manmoel Colliery level near Rank Sir Henry. The site was re-opened as the Penderi Colliery Co in 1960.

Twyn Simon Colliery, 1960	Twyn Simon Colliery	Twyn Simon Colliery	Twyn Simon Colliery
Twyn Simon Colliery	Twyn Simon Colliery	Twyn Simon Colliery	Twyn Simon Colliery loading bank

Llanover Colliery and the three Manmoel Collieries

Llanover Colliery - SO 1799 0080

What's here now are the leftovers of Llanover Colliery, sunk in 1910 by the Bargoed Coal Co, coal winding ceased in 1929 but the colliery was used for pumping until Oakdale Colliery closed in 1989. Behind the fence is the shaft ( just the one, the other was the Abernant Colliery shaft), some embedded rails and tips. There's also some very strange stepped concretework behind the shaft which even appears on the OS maps but I don't know what it was, I'm told there was a shallow reservoir behind it. Down by the riverbank is the well-maintained drainage level on the site of the pumping station. As Hall's Road approaches the site there's a brick building at SO 1787 0055, could be a weighbridge, being right beside the trackbed, anyone know?
1810 - 1878 Sidings owned by Sir Henry Protheroe to 1860, T P Price (1870) and Manmole Colliery Co (1878)
1888 - 1906 Christopher Pond's first sidings. He had to move further up the line by the sinking of....
1906 - 1989 Llanover Colliery - Bargoed Coal Co. to 1932, Tredegar Iron Co (1932 - 1947), NCB ( 1947 - 1989)

Llanover Colliery stood at the original terminus of Halls Road and was the centre of a string of mining and quarrying ventures from 1810 to 1989. So, facing the shaft from the Halls Road trackbed, have a look around.
On the far right and on the far side of the stream a modern track runs up to Westfield quarries and level. On this side of the stream is the incline up to the first Manmoel Colliery.
In front of you is the peculiar concrete work and the incline up to the second Manmoel Colliery.>
To your left is the loading bank and tramway up to the third Manmoel Colliery.

Weighhouse on Halls Road	Weighhouse on Halls Road	Weighhouse on Halls Road	A twisted length of winding cable
Trackbed to Oakdale	Strange concrete 'steps'	Strange concrete 'steps'	Loading point at Llanover Colliery
Llanover Colliery shaft	Llanover Colliery shaft	Llanover Colliery tips	Exposed rail above shaft
Llanover Colliery drainage level	Llanover Colliery drainage level	Llanover Colliery drainage level	Stone with wire rub marks

Westfield Colliery and Quarries

Westfield Colliery - SO 1815 0047

Christopher Pond owned Westfield Colliery which was open from c1885 to 1903, the nearby quarries appear to be much older The colliery incline may have followed an earlier incline to the quarries and went up the Southern side of the valley. The modern access track has covered most of it but there's a small quarry half way up and what appears to be the original incline can be seen there. The tramway from the hair-pin bend into the quarries is worth followed to view these amazingly silent places. You get a good view of the colliery site and its tramway from the Penderi Lane at the top of the track.

Westfield Colliery, 1899
Westfield Colliery	Westfield Colliery	Westfield Colliery	Westfield Colliery

Westfield quarries - SO 1825 0070

Westfield quarries tramway	Westfield quarries tramway	Westfield quarries	Westfield quarries
Westfield quarries	Westfield quarries	Westfield incline quarry	Westfield incline from bottom

Manmoel Colliery (1) - SO 1810 0080

Manmoel Colliery Incline - SO 1805 0075

The first Manmoel Colliery was known as Hafodrisglod-Isaf level on the 1846 tithe map but it's also been spelt Hafod-yr-isclawdd, Hafodrisglod or Hafodriscllwd. It was working by 1810 but closed by c1870 and owned by Sir Henry Protheroe, then J P Price. Other than the fringes of the Tithe Map, the whole operation is very shy of maps. I've not found it accurately shown anywhere even on Reg Malpass's excellent maps.
However there are loads of physical remains starting with the incline, running in a cutting up to the tips. Judging by the size and location of the tips there ought to be a level behind them, possibly just before the track up to Rank Sir Henry.

The First Manmoel Colliery (1)	Manmoel Colliery (1) incline foot	Manmoel Colliery (1) incline	Manmoel Colliery (1) incline
Manmoel Colliery (1) incline	Manmoel Colliery (1) incline	Manmoel Colliery (1) incline	Manmoel Colliery (1) incline
Manmoel Colliery (1) tips	Manmoel Colliery (1) sleepers

Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level - SO 1857 0101

To the East of the incline is the well-known Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level which, in 2013, has been cleaned up and the stream dredged. This appears to be the original Hafodrisglod-Isaf level which went off to workings on the left but later a branch to the right may have served as the lower access to Twyn Simon Colliery. Further up the valley are signs of other minor activity.

Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level	Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level	Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level	Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level
Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level	Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level

Rank Sir Henry - SO 1851 0098

A small row of very old cottages with some small tips just in front of them.

Agricultural ironmongery

Hafodrisclawdd-Isaf level tips

Rank Sir Henry

Rank Sir Henry

Manmoel Colliery (2) - SO 1823 0102

Hafodrisclawdd-isaf is the site of the second incarnation of Manmoel Colliery, aka Mamhole Colliery in some documents. It appears to been opened around the 1850s by Sir Henry Protheroe, later owned by T P Price (or J P Price,1870), Manmole Colliery Co (1878). The colliery appears to have closed by 1880.

The site of the incline and colliery area has been reclaimed, the cutting filled in and planted with trees and just a bog where the level would have been. Little to see, I'm afraid.

Manmoel Colliery (2), 1879	Manmoel Colliery (2), 1901	Manmoel Colliery (2), 1883	Manmoel Colliery (2), 1888
Manmoel Colliery (2)

Manmole Colliery (3) - SO 1802 0176

Christopher Pond was the owner of Manmole Colliery at Hafodrisclawdd-fach from 1885 - c1907. It was shown as disused on the 1920 OS map with two old tramways. The original tramway ran to the loading dock at SO 1799 0087 at the original Pond's sidings. The sinking of Llanover Colliery meant he was paid to move further up the Markham extension to SO 1781 0130 where the second route of the tramway ended and the tipping dock remains. The sidings were open from 1902 to 1930. The colliery was re-opened in 1924 by the Manmole Colliery Co of Argoed but but almost immediately abandoned.

The tips and level still stand out beside Hafodrisclawdd-fach Lane and the tramway can be followed down to Llanover Colliery but, be warned, it's is very heavily overgrown. A fallen iron pylon rests beside it. The loading dock is at the other end and some stonework can be found at Ponds second sidings.

Manmole Colliery (3), 1901	Manmole Colliery (3), 1901	Later tipping dock c1905	Pipework at the tipping dock
Tramway leaving Llanover Colliery	Tramway to Manmole Colliery	Fallen pylon beside tramway	Tramway to Llanover Colliery
Manmole Colliery (3)	Manmole Colliery (3)	Manmole Colliery (3)	Manmole Colliery (3)

Hafodrisclawdd-fawr level - SO 1812 0155

This was an NCB-licenced level open from 1947 - 1949.

Hafodrisclawdd-fawr level, 1961

Hafodrisclawdd-fawr tips

Hafodrisclawdd-fawr tips

Markham

Abernant Colliery - SO 1710 0145

The first thing of interest is the LNWR Twyn-gwyn Lane bridge. Head down the lane and along to Abernant Colliery, noting the well-built culvert. The tips were below the LNWR with some foundations and a rusty tank. The single shaft (the other was Llanover Colliery across the river) and and some concrete work are on the other side of the railway.

Twyn-gwyn Lane LNWR bridge	Twyn-gwyn Lane LNWR bridge	Abernant Colliery culvert
Abernant Colliery foundations	Abernant Colliery ironmongery	Abernant Colliery shaft	Abernant Colliery foundations

Halls Road - Tyr Graig bridge - SO 1770 0140

The stonework next to Tyr Graig bridge was probably the loading dock of the 1902-1930 Christopher Pond sidings at the foot of the tramway from Manmole Colliery.

Pont-nant-y-felin Quarry - SO 1762 0160

Pont-nant-y-felin sidings were open from 1915 to 1928 and you can trace the tramway to the quarries above.

Abernant-y-felin Viaduct - SO 1751 0150

This is one thing you won't see here I'm afraid. It was built in 1900 and buried in 1918, a short but brief existance for a very fine 6-arch stone viaduct. Unfortunately it began to subside as soon as it was built so they in-filled it with colliery waste (from Markham Colliery?). Now it's a substantial embankment but it's still under there somewhere. But in 2013 the tops of the arches could just be seen from the track beside the trackbed! The Twyn-gwyn Lane bridge is right at the north end of the viaduct.

Ty'r Graig trackbed, Halls Road	Tyr Graig, Pond's second sidings	Tyr Graig bridge, Halls Road	Tyr Graig bridge, Halls Road
Tyr Graig bridge, Halls Road	Tyr Graig overbridge, Halls Road	Tyr Graig overbridge, Halls Road
Pont Nant-y-felin quarry	Pont Nant-y-felin quarry tramway	Abernant-y-felin viaduct culvert	Abernant-y-felin viaduct culvert
Viaduct retaining wall	Abernant-y-felin Viaduct trackbed	Abernant-y-felin Viaduct arch	Abernant-y-felin Viaduct arch
Abernant-y-felin Viaduct	Abernant-y-felin Viaduct	Twyn-gwyn Lane bridge	Twyn-gwyn Lane bridge

Markham Colliery - SO 1677 0200

As Hall's Road enters the site there's a brick-lined pit beside the trackbed, which is blocked by a large block of brickwork containing some 'GKN. Ltd. Henllys' bricks. there's some good concrete work on the hillside and the shafts hide behind their fences.

Pit next to Halls Road	Ruined brickwork, Markham	Underbridge abutments, Markham	Underbridge abutments, Markham
Sidings in the undergrowth	Sidings in the undergrowth	Sidings in the undergrowth	Sidings in the undergrowth
Markham Colliery shaft	Markham Colliery shaft	Markham Colliery, pithead area	Markham Colliery foundations
Markham Colliery foundations	Markham Colliery foundations	Stub of girder at screens
Building above Markham Colliery	Building above Markham Colliery	Markham Colliery quarry	Markham Colliery tips

Markham Colliery in 1980

Markham Colliery and its men at work and rest in 1980

Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s
Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s
Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s
Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s
Markham Colliery at work. 1980s	Markham Colliery at work. 1980s

From Llanover to Markham Collieries

Craig Williams walked the line in 2019-20 and found the remains of the line are still much as they were between Llanover Colliery and Markham Colliery.

Llanover Colliery	Between Llanover and Markham	Between Llanover and Markham	Between Llanover and Markham
Between Llanover and Markham	Between Llanover and Markham	Between Llanover and Markham	Between Llanover and Markham

Acknowledgments, sources and further reading.

Thanks for photos and addition information to :- John Cavacuiti, Janet Hughes, Mark Lloyd.
'Halls Tramroad' by Foster Frowin - A comprehensive five-part article appeared in 'Archive' magazine, Issues nos 55, 56, 59, 60 and 66 with loads of original photos and the 1840s tithe maps. Fascinating reading!!